Hysteresis Phenomenon in the Electric Parameters of Lithium-Ion Batteries Under Temperature Effects

In recent years, lithium-ion batteries have been extensively used across various applications. To ensure safety and limit degradation, it is important to develop accurate models for implementation in the battery management system. Equivalent circuit models used to reproduce electrical behavior generally consist of a voltage source with a series impedance. This impedance is composed of resistances and capacitances, both of which depend on several factors, such as temperature, state of charge, and aging. A previous study demonstrated that resistances exhibit hysteresis, meaning they differ depending on whether they are measured after charging or discharging. Several studies in the literature focus on the dependence of other elements of battery impedance on temperature and aging. However, the occurrence of hysteresis in these elements has not been thoroughly analyzed. This paper investigates the presence of hysteresis in battery impedance elements and its dependence on temperature.