Asteroids and comets are triggering interest due to the richness of precious materials, their scientifc value as well as for their potential hazardousness. Owing to their signifcant diversity, minor bodies do not exhibit uniform shapes: they can range from spherical to irregularly shaped objects with rocky, uneven, and cratered surface. Nowadays, space probes rely more and more on optical navigation techniques, due to the increasing demand for autonomy. When dealing with minor bodies, the diversifed range of shapes can signifcantly afect the performance of these techniques. In order to enable deep space probes to confdently deal with uncertainties, the need for robust image processing methods arises. Commonly, few image processing methods are designed and tested with limited shapes to meet mission requirements. In this work, we depart from this paradigm by developing a new framework, which includes extensive testing of the image processing algorithms with various shapes. The shapes are not randomly analyzed, yet they are arranged in a hierarchical structure called hyper-cube. The cube allows for a better understanding of the methods performance and to infer the way they shift from one shape to the other. The novelty of this approach lies both in the cube representation, which allows a better understanding of the link between the image processing algorithms and shape of the object, but also in the extensive number of shapes that have been tested, which has never been done before. In this analysis, four methods are considered, namely: center of brightness, intensity weighted centroiding, correlation with Lambertian spheres, and least-squares-based ellipse ftting. Results from this test allow us correlating the methods performances to the bodies shape, to suggest the best performing method for each shape family, and to assess their robustness.

Image Processing Robustness Assessment of Small-Body Shapes

Buonagura, Carmine;Pugliatti, Mattia;Topputo, Francesco
2022-01-01

Abstract

Asteroids and comets are triggering interest due to the richness of precious materials, their scientifc value as well as for their potential hazardousness. Owing to their signifcant diversity, minor bodies do not exhibit uniform shapes: they can range from spherical to irregularly shaped objects with rocky, uneven, and cratered surface. Nowadays, space probes rely more and more on optical navigation techniques, due to the increasing demand for autonomy. When dealing with minor bodies, the diversifed range of shapes can signifcantly afect the performance of these techniques. In order to enable deep space probes to confdently deal with uncertainties, the need for robust image processing methods arises. Commonly, few image processing methods are designed and tested with limited shapes to meet mission requirements. In this work, we depart from this paradigm by developing a new framework, which includes extensive testing of the image processing algorithms with various shapes. The shapes are not randomly analyzed, yet they are arranged in a hierarchical structure called hyper-cube. The cube allows for a better understanding of the methods performance and to infer the way they shift from one shape to the other. The novelty of this approach lies both in the cube representation, which allows a better understanding of the link between the image processing algorithms and shape of the object, but also in the extensive number of shapes that have been tested, which has never been done before. In this analysis, four methods are considered, namely: center of brightness, intensity weighted centroiding, correlation with Lambertian spheres, and least-squares-based ellipse ftting. Results from this test allow us correlating the methods performances to the bodies shape, to suggest the best performing method for each shape family, and to assess their robustness.
2022
Image processing; Asteroids; Optical navigation; Small-body shape
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1223556
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