An appreciation of Heinrich Tessenow’s architecture may well originate in a fascination with Adolphe Appia’s stage designs, which can be regarded as a key to understanding the developments that led to the construction of the Hellerau Theatre. In many respects, this building is unique, representing both a pioneering achievement and a turning point in the history of theatrical architecture, particularly in the conception of its spatial organisation and architectural form. As is well known, the theatre, which formed the heart of the educational complex of the Jacques-Dalcroze Institute of Rhythmic Dance, emerged between 1910 and 1912 from the collaboration of three figures: Jacques-Dalcroze, musician, choreographer, and educator; Adolphe Appia, stage designer; and Heinrich Tessenow, architect of the theatre-school. Although its initial period of operation lasted only a few years, until 1915, this experiment laid the foundations for a genuine revolution in theatrical practice and gave rise to an architectural space that, in many of its defining characteristics, remains functional to this day. A reconsideration of the theatre’s typological innovation also provides an interpretative framework for understanding Tessenow’s architecture. His work was shaped not only by the absolute, synthetic, and pure qualities associated with architectural elementalism, but also by complexity, formal transformation, and the appropriation of architectural forms within a new, modern conception of classicism.
La passione per le architetture di Heinrich Tessenow può senz’altro derivare dall’incanto per le scenografie di Adolphe Appia che possono essere considerate come chiave di accesso alla vicenda che ha portato alla realizzazione del teatro di Hellerau. Un edificio per certi aspetti unico, anticipatore e punto di svolta della stessa storia dello spazio e della forma dell’architettura teatrale. Questo teatro, come noto, cuore del complesso della scuola dell’Istituto Jacques Dalcroze di danza ritmica, nasce tra il 1910 e il 1912 dal rapporto tra tre figure: Jacques Dalcroze (musicista-coreografo-pedagogista), Adolphe Appia (scenografo) e Heinrich Tessenow (architetto del teatro-scuola), in una esperienza di funzionamento che durerà pochissimi anni, fino al 1915, ma che segnerà le premesse per una vera rivoluzione teatrale e darà vita a uno spazio ancora oggi funzionante nei suoi molti caratteri. Attraverso la rilettura dell’invenzione tipologica di questo teatro si spiega anche l’architettura di Tessenow, fatta non solo dai suoi caratteri assoluti, sintetici e puri dell’elementarismo, ma formatasi attraverso la complessità e la deformazione e gli imprestiti formali di una nuova moderna idea del classicismo.
La città virtuale di Adolphe Appia e il teatro di Heinrich Tessenow
L. Monica
2025-01-01
Abstract
An appreciation of Heinrich Tessenow’s architecture may well originate in a fascination with Adolphe Appia’s stage designs, which can be regarded as a key to understanding the developments that led to the construction of the Hellerau Theatre. In many respects, this building is unique, representing both a pioneering achievement and a turning point in the history of theatrical architecture, particularly in the conception of its spatial organisation and architectural form. As is well known, the theatre, which formed the heart of the educational complex of the Jacques-Dalcroze Institute of Rhythmic Dance, emerged between 1910 and 1912 from the collaboration of three figures: Jacques-Dalcroze, musician, choreographer, and educator; Adolphe Appia, stage designer; and Heinrich Tessenow, architect of the theatre-school. Although its initial period of operation lasted only a few years, until 1915, this experiment laid the foundations for a genuine revolution in theatrical practice and gave rise to an architectural space that, in many of its defining characteristics, remains functional to this day. A reconsideration of the theatre’s typological innovation also provides an interpretative framework for understanding Tessenow’s architecture. His work was shaped not only by the absolute, synthetic, and pure qualities associated with architectural elementalism, but also by complexity, formal transformation, and the appropriation of architectural forms within a new, modern conception of classicism.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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