A MILP Battery Degradation Logarithmic Model With Real-Time Cycle Counting Calculation

This study proposes a novel Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model for optimal management of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) plants integrated with a real-time cycle counting algorithm exploiting an innovative logarithmic formulation for battery degradation. By incorporating this logarithmic approach, the model effectively includes various stress factors like State of Energy, C-Rate, Depth of Discharge, and Temperature, along with Solid Electrolyte Interphase film formation, into a tractable linear model. Moreover, the limits of the Rainflow Counting Algorithm (RCA) are overcome. The comparison with the results obtained by applying the RCA method to the full physical model are positive: the count faithfully reflects that obtained through RCA, and degradation estimation is close to the real value, with relative error below 0.1%.