Current Status and Future Perspective in Electric Vehicle Battery Stacking: A Review

Electric powertrain technologies are gaining widespread popularity globally during the transition to e-mobility. As a result, battery manufacturing technologies for electric vehicles (EVs) are rapidly advancing, with a particular focus on the critical stacking process. The stacking process plays a key role, especially with the growing need for flexibility to accommodate new electrode materials, sizes, and shapes in both lithium-ion and solid-state batteries. Despite these advancements, the current academic literature lacks a clear and comprehensive analysis of the stacking process. This study provides a literature survey on EV battery stacking exploring current and future research topics related to lithium-ion and solid-state batteries. Grounded on a systematic methodology for literature search, this article presents the latest advances in stacking technology for both lithium-ion and solid-state batteries. Based on this analysis and discussion, potential future research directions are proposed offering a structured foundation for future studies toward more efficient and sustainable solutions.