Multi-objective optimization of a portable air conditioner operating with R290 using genetic algorithms

In the last years, the use of propane in air conditioning systems has increased. Major efforts are currently devoted to reducing the charge present in the systems to mitigate potential flammability issues due to leakages. In this view, the size reduction of the internal volumes of the heat exchangers is one of the most impacting strategies. Nevertheless, it is essential to optimize the heat exchangers so as not to compromise the system performance. This study presents an optimization of a portable air conditioner using multi-objective genetic algorithms. The objective is to minimize the refrigerant charge while maximizing the system performance. The fin-and-tube heat exchangers are modified in terms of outside diameter, transverse pitch, and tube length. The optimized system shows a reduction of the occupied volumes of 8% and a charge reduction of 36% while maintaining constant COP.