Advances in Wind Turbine Tower Design and Optimization

This work provides a succinct overview of recent advancements in wind turbine tower design and optimization. Recognizing the critical role of tower structures in enhancing the efficiency of wind energy harvesting, the review traces the historical evolution from traditional designs to modern tubular steel, concrete, and hybrid towers. A focus on taller towers highlights the significance of accessing higher wind speeds for optimal energy output. Materials science innovations, including the use of high-strength alloys and composites and of high-performance cement-based materials, are discussed for their role in achieving lighter yet robust and better constructable tower structures. In addition, newconstruction techniques are examined. Optimization methodologies, including computational modelling and machine learning, are examined, considering genetic algorithms, computational modelling, and simulation tools, coupled with machine learning algorithms. The paper concludes with a forward-looking perspective on future developments, anticipating progress in materials, construction techniques, and ongoing research initiatives. This concise review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and industry stakeholders engaged in advancing wind turbine tower technologies.