Impacts of Human Energy-Related Behaviours on the Energy Efficiency of Adaptive Building Façade: A Review

Amid growing imperatives for heightened building energy efficiency and occupant comfort, adaptive façades have garnered significant attention and research efforts aimed at refining their structure and techniques to achieve energy savings. However, studies frequently overlook the consideration of human factors that impact the energy performance of adaptive façades, with limited discussions on potential solutions. In this review study, an investigation is undertaken to firstly delineate the challenges posed by occupant disruptive behaviour to the expectation of adaptive façade operations. Secondly, this study focuses on reviewing gamification design and implementation techniques aimed at enhancing operational efficiency and fostering increased user engagement. Findings from this review indicate that occupant-oriented adaptivity is crucial for the effective operation of adaptive façades, underscoring the importance of incorporating occupant- empowered control when automation systems are involved. Furthermore, the review highlights the necessity for gamification implementation methods to align with the unique characteristics of the building type and its occupants. Particularly, achieving a balance between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation appears as crucial. This study serves as a foundational resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to leverage the gamification for enhancing data communication and collection by promoting users’ engagement and positive behavioural change within the context of building adaptive façades-users interaction. © 2024, Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe.