HOSPITAL SAFETY, PATIENT ORIENTATION AND SUSTAINABILITY: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE [SICUREZZA, ORIENTAMENTO AL PAZIENTE E SOSTENIBILITÀ DEGLI OSPEDALI: PASSATO, PRESENTE E FUTURO]

Access to healthcare is deeply conditioned by several social factors such as health policies and economic conditions but, undoubtedly, hospitals are recognized worldwide as the symbol of the healthcare system in its maximum complexity and they are services that will never decay. Since their origins, they represent the social community and, in the socio-cultural context, the original values of interdependence and solidarity. They embody the permeability and availability of entertainment and cultural activities in order to respond to the community’s needs. Starting from the evolution of hospital design, currently healthcare facilities are spaces for care but they also host research and education areas, workplaces, public spaces, etc. As healing places, they require specific considerations in the project design and planning to mitigate the sense of isolation and disorientation, to ease concerns and promote health. As the Scientific Community demonstrated, nowadays the quality of spaces plays an important role in the medical processes, contributing both to improve the experience and comfort perceived by users and to improve the efficiency of staff. For this reason, hospital planners and stakeholders are called to act and to give rise to user-centred system in terms of comfort, efficiency, organizational and operational effectiveness, with an evidence based design approach. Therefore the scope of the speech is to argue the evolution of architectures of health and to pinpoint the current trends of the Hospital 4.0 regarding different fields of interest such as building typologies and functional layouts, sustainability, flexibility, soft qualities and design for all, etc.