Life cycle inventories for modelling the production of battery electric vehicles in the European life cycle assessment studies

Battery electric vehicles are expected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of road transport. Along with the development of the electric mobility, life cycle assessments are increasingly carried out and published with the aim to evaluate the environmental impacts of battery electric vehi-cles. This review analysed 15 European life cycle assessments to investigate which data referring to the production stage are most commonly used in the literature and which data are the most recent. Data sources focusing on battery manufacturing are many and regularly revised. In contrast, data sources focusing on the rest of the vehicle are fewer and often based on data from traditional internal combustion engine vehicles integrated with data on the electric components.