Three‐ and four‐dimensional topographic measurement and validation

This paper reports on the activities carried out in the context of “Dragon project 32278: Three‐ and Four‐Dimensional Topographic Measurement and Validation”. The research work was split into three subprojects and encompassed several activities to deliver accurate characterization of targets on land surfaces and deepen the current knowledge on the exploitation of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The goal of Subproject 1 was to validate topographic mapping accuracy of various ESA, TPM, and Chinese satellite system on test sites in the EU and China; define and im-prove validation methodologies for topographic mapping; and develop and setup test sites for the validation of different surface motion estimation techniques. Subproject 2 focused on the specific case of spatially and temporally decorrelating targets by using multi‐baseline interferometric (In‐ SAR) and tomographic (TomoSAR) SAR processing. Research on InSAR led to the development of robust retrieval techniques to estimate target displacement over time. Research on TomoSAR was focused on testing or defining new processing methods for high‐resolution 3D imaging of the inte-rior of forests and glaciers and the characterization of their temporal behavior. Subproject 3 was focused on near‐real‐time motion estimation, considering efficient algorithms for the digestion of new acquisitions and for changes in problem parameterization.