Cardiovascular patient-specific modeling: Where are we now and what does the future look like?

The clinical and bioengineering arenas are experiencing tremendous technological progress. Imaging technologies yield images with continuously improved time- and space-resolution; image processing is being boosted by the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques allowing for time-efficient, automated, and reliable segmentation of tissues or organs; and the performance of computational infrastructures is increasing exponentially. In this scenario, it is becoming easier and faster to exploit the anatomical and functional information generated by medical imaging to feed computer models meant to gain insights into clinically relevant scenarios.