The present paper shows that the integration between experimental data and mathematical modelling (CFD) is the best procedure to assess the microclimatic condition and to improve the project by decreasing the risk of damage in scarcely accessible historical sites. An important application is the mathematical modelling of the air ventilation in archaeological areas underneath shelter or in the basements of existing buildings: the exchange of water, vapour, heating between the environment and the ruins is one of the major causes of damage, and it could make vain the effects of the restoration in few years especially when the natural/artificial lighting increases the risk of biological growth. At present, the procedures were applied on a study case on an archaeological area in the church of the Convent of Lavello, in Calolziocorte (Italy), where the CFD simulation of the poor ventilation underneath the floor has been very useful to insert adequate technical devices to increase the movement of air mass, modifying the recent pavement’s air inlet. This paper shows an innovative use of CFD: it helped to study a new set of fans and pipes for decreasing the RH in the hypogeum space, where the remains of previous two churches are conserved. The study case is particularly interesting because it allowed the researchers to test the limits and advantage of using a laser scanning survey as the geometrical model for the CFD simulation. The first step of the analysis process is the realization of a 3D geometric model of the site. This model is necessary to realize a numerical model of calculation, by acquiring the existing measured drawings and laser scan survey. From laser scan survey, a simplified 3D model is extracted and redrawn in order to determinate the calculation domain fitting to the best in the monumental field. The fundamental aspect of CFD is meshing the fluid continuous medium and the possibility to afford complex 3D geometries and physical environmental phenomena at different scales. Thanks to the continuous development of the computational potentialities it is possible to realize the simultaneous modelling of different heat and mass exchanges at steady and transient conditions. The numerical analysis allows the researchers to define design with low energy consumption and compatible with the restrictions that are a requirement of the protection of historical buildings. The final results show that a rigorous, but simplified geometrical model, is the best fit among the needs for calculation (the mesh of the software), the accuracy of the calculation of air velocity and its distribution, and the costs. A further step of the research will include testing different software for the simulation and different set for the laser survey.
Environmental protection and control systems for architectural and archaeological heritage
ROSINA, ELISABETTA;ROTTA, ELISABETTA
2013-01-01
Abstract
The present paper shows that the integration between experimental data and mathematical modelling (CFD) is the best procedure to assess the microclimatic condition and to improve the project by decreasing the risk of damage in scarcely accessible historical sites. An important application is the mathematical modelling of the air ventilation in archaeological areas underneath shelter or in the basements of existing buildings: the exchange of water, vapour, heating between the environment and the ruins is one of the major causes of damage, and it could make vain the effects of the restoration in few years especially when the natural/artificial lighting increases the risk of biological growth. At present, the procedures were applied on a study case on an archaeological area in the church of the Convent of Lavello, in Calolziocorte (Italy), where the CFD simulation of the poor ventilation underneath the floor has been very useful to insert adequate technical devices to increase the movement of air mass, modifying the recent pavement’s air inlet. This paper shows an innovative use of CFD: it helped to study a new set of fans and pipes for decreasing the RH in the hypogeum space, where the remains of previous two churches are conserved. The study case is particularly interesting because it allowed the researchers to test the limits and advantage of using a laser scanning survey as the geometrical model for the CFD simulation. The first step of the analysis process is the realization of a 3D geometric model of the site. This model is necessary to realize a numerical model of calculation, by acquiring the existing measured drawings and laser scan survey. From laser scan survey, a simplified 3D model is extracted and redrawn in order to determinate the calculation domain fitting to the best in the monumental field. The fundamental aspect of CFD is meshing the fluid continuous medium and the possibility to afford complex 3D geometries and physical environmental phenomena at different scales. Thanks to the continuous development of the computational potentialities it is possible to realize the simultaneous modelling of different heat and mass exchanges at steady and transient conditions. The numerical analysis allows the researchers to define design with low energy consumption and compatible with the restrictions that are a requirement of the protection of historical buildings. The final results show that a rigorous, but simplified geometrical model, is the best fit among the needs for calculation (the mesh of the software), the accuracy of the calculation of air velocity and its distribution, and the costs. A further step of the research will include testing different software for the simulation and different set for the laser survey.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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