The effect of global supply chain configuration on the relationship between supply chain improvement programs and performance

This paper investigates the moderating effect of global supply chain (SC) configurations on the relationship between SC improvement programs and operational performance improvement, based on data collected from the fifth edition of the International Manufacturing Strategy Survey (IMSS). Configurations are defined through the level of sourcing, manufacturing and sales of a plant outside the continent where it is located. Four configurations emerge: Locals, Shoppers, Barons and Globals. Results show that global SC configurations do have a moderating effect. Some configurations yield higher returns on their investments in SC than others. Moreover, Locals can achieve further improvements by adopting distribution strategy and supplier development programs. However, Barons experience negative effects from investing in coordination with customers and suppliers.