A numerical model to analyse the dynamic behaviour of modern tramcars

In this paper, a numerical model specifically developed for tramcar vehicles is presented. The proposed numerical model allows to reproduce the most common tramcar configurations and to analyse the vehicle performance in terms of combined longitudinal, lateral and vertical dynamics. A particularly detailed procedure for the calculation of wheel-rail contact forces is implemented, thus allowing to deeply investigate sharp curve negotiation behaviour and its effect on vehicle safety, comfort and wheel/rail wear and fatigue. The main features of the model are summarised and some numerical results are reported, in comparison with the corresponding experimental data.