The challenges of the “ephemeral path”. Problems and issues of explaining climate change and its environmental impact through the development of glaciological trails

Smiraglia C., Senese A., Di Biase M., Ambrosini R., Azzoni R.S., Bocchiola D., Cola G., Favaron M., Fugazza D., Marzano D., Morosini S., Pedrotti L., Prandi G., Scotti R., Toffaletti A., Zucali M., Pelfini M., Diolaiuti G.A., The challenges of the “ephemeral path”. Problems and issues of explaining climate change and its environmental impact through the development of glaciological trails. (IT ISSN 0391-9838, 2026). Global warming is profoundly transforming glacierized mountain landscapes, with significant consequences for the environment, safety, and tourism. In this context, scientific outreach and conscious engagement with the territory are essential to raise public awareness and promote sustainable behaviour. This paper presents the design and implementation of the Stoppani-Desio Glaciological Trail, an educational route developed to guide visitors through the ongoing transformations of the Forni Glacier, located within Stelvio National Park (Italy). The trail features thirteen observation points, each corresponding to a historical position of the glacier front over the past 3000 years. At each stop, a metal plaque equipped with a QR code provides access to multilingual digital content (texts, images, and videos) highlighting glaciological, ecological, and cultural aspects of the site. The signage is designed to be durable, inclusive, and low-impact, while the trail ensures safety and accessibility for users with varying physical and technical abilities. The project integrates scientific research, landscape interpretation, and digital tools (e.g., 360° video and generative AI content), positioning the trail as a dynamic open-air laboratory. The initiative is supported by a collaborative governance model involving academic institutions, local authorities, Alpine guides, and volunteers, enabling regular updates and long-term maintenance. The Stoppani-Desio Trail offers a replicable model for glaciological trails in other mountain regions affected by glacier retreat. Its flexible infrastructure, multilingual outreach, and integration of real-time scientific data make it a promising strategy for combining sustainable tourism, environmental education, and the promotion of glacier heritage in a changing climate.