Timber-Concrete Composites (TCC): validation of Finite Element modelling techniques and environmental sustainability insights (Compositi legno-calcestruzzo: validazione delle tecniche di modellazione a elementi finiti e valutazione della sostenibilità ambientale)

This study develops and validates a three-dimensional Finite Element (FE) modelling technique to capture the mechanical be-haviour of Timber-Concrete Composite (TCC) beams and their shear connections. The numerical models reproduce bending and push-out tests, with the aim of recording load-slip relationships, stiffness, and failure modes. Experimental tests available in literature are considered as benchmarks, in order to validate the modelling techniques adopted; moreover, comparison with analytical modelling according to new generation of Eurocode 5 is performed. The analysis of stress profiles highlighted the improved performances of notched and screws+notches connections, with respect to screws-only systems. Eventually, a complementary Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis on modelled TCC beams confirmed their considerably lower environmental impact on climate change, measured in terms of Global Warming Potential, with respect to equivalent reinforced concrete beams.