Reconfiguration and Optimization of Lunar Navigation Satellite Constellation Targeting South Hemisphere

The Lunar Navigation Satellite System (LNSS) is a critical initiative in response to the current surge in international lunar exploration. Compared to Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), the development of LNSS involves significantly higher costs and longer deployment cycles. As a result, optimizing constellation design to maximize the use of limited resources has become a popular topic. This work adopts two constellation reconfiguration strategies and a multi-objective optimization approach to extend the target area from the lunar South Pole to the whole Southern Hemisphere. First, Hohmann-type phasing maneuvers are applied to in-orbit satellites, with optimization of both fuel consumption and maneuver time, resulting in a notable improvement in dual coverage performance over the South Hemisphere. Second, new satellites are introduced to restore high-quality service in the South Pole region. Simulation results of coverage and navigation performance at the lunar South Pole confirm the effectiveness of the final constellation scheme.