Industry 5.0: defining a Research Agenda for the future of manufacturing

Industry 4.0 is transforming traditional manufacturing processes through the integration of intelligent technologies. The emergence of Industry 5.0 marks a new era characterized by collaboration between humans and intelligent systems. This paper proposes a research agenda to identify the key challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of Industry 5.0. The key pillars of Industry 5.0 (human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience) will be analysed through various dimensions, i.e. the volume of contributions in the literature (number of papers). The aim is to provide a clear overview of priority research areas, guiding progress in Industry 5.0 research and applications. The key findings reveal that human-centricity is the most emphasized pillar, although the concept of the 'human digital twin' presents an interesting avenue for exploration., followed by an increasing focus on sustainability. Finally, resilience - this growing emphasis is reinforced by increasing disruptions along supply chains, mainly due to post-pandemic situations, material shortages and crises. The ultimate purpose of this study is to shape the future of industrial production towards the realization of the Industry 5.0 paradigm. One of the most important outcomes lies in uncovering emerging concepts, such as Lean 5.0 and Product Lifecycle Management 5.0 (PLM 5.0). This work provides a comprehensive analysis from an academic perspective, outlining a roadmap. From a managerial perspective, it serves as a guide for companies embracing the Industry 5.0 challenge.