Enhancing Grid Stability with Synthetic Inertia and Damping via Distributed Inverters

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into power systems is transforming grid dynamics, replacing synchronous generators with inverter-based resources (IBRs). This shift reduces system inertia and challenges frequency stability, especially in weak grids. Grid-forming (GFM) control has emerged as a key solution, enabling IBRs to provide synthetic inertia and autonomous grid support. This paper proposes an optimization procedure to estimate individual inertia and damping coefficients for multiple GFM inverters within a microgrid or distribution feeder. The goal is to ensure that the aggregated dynamic response at the point of common coupling (PCC) meets the target values that could be specified by a grid operator. The proposed procedure has been tested and validated through simulations on an IEEE test network varying the target values of inertia and damping.