Efficient first-principle modelling of steel superheating in Electric Arc Furnaces

We present a dynamic model to characterise the superheating phase in electric arc steelmaking, aiming to capture the key dynamics through a first-principles approach. This approach ensures that the model parameters are physically meaningful, while maintaining computational efficiency suitable for future implementation in model predictive control. The paper details the process being modeled, elaborates on the underlying assumptions and their physical justifications, and validates the model through comparison with experimental data from a full-scale production plant. The obtained result indicate that the presented model is suitable for online use in control applications, a topic that will be further explored in the sequel of the research.