Strategies for hybrid renewable energy sources integration in smart grid and microgrid

This chapter examines the complex integration of hybrid renewable energy sources within smart grid and microgrid frameworks, focusing on advanced forecasting and real-world application and highlighting how these modern grid structures can enhance energy sustainability, efficiency, and resilience. It begins by discussing hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs) that combine various renewable energy sources (e.g., solar, wind, hydro) to overcome intermittency and improve reliability. The chapter then delves into the architecture and functionality of smart grids - advanced energy networks that incorporate distributed energy resources (DERs), electric transportation, and active communication systems, creating interactive, adaptive power systems. Microgrids, as modular building blocks of smart grids, are examined for their role in localized energy control. The chapter also includes a comparative analysis of real-world examples illustrating diverse applications of smart grid and microgrid technologies worldwide.