Threats and methods of protecting buildings, infrastructure and evacuating people during a potential eruption of the Campi Flegrei supervolcano near Naples, Italy

In this paper, the authors analyse the volcanic threats that over 2 million inhabitants of the Naples region have to face. The authors look for the best solutions to protect architecture and infrastructure from volcanic activity. They examine the possibilities of evacuating residents from threatened areas. They analyse the solutions developed so far and check the scientific literature. They wonder if there is any chance for residents at all if Campi Flegrei erupts? How big an eruption can the residents, architecture and infrastructure withstand? Will it be possible to evacuate residents in time to return after some time? The analyses lead to the conclusion that in the event of an eruption of up to 4/5 on the VEI scale, with appropriate security measures and evacuation organisation, we are able to protect residents, architecture and technical infrastructure from the effects of volcanic activity in this area.