Virtual Reality for production system design: A role-based access model for multi-disciplinary stakeholder engagement

Collaboration and engagement of multi-disciplinary stakeholders is crucial in production system design, as multiple actors contribute to decision-making. Virtual Reality (VR) has shown great potential in facilitating the integration of cross-functional aspects of production systems, thereby improving collaborative design processes. However, models and methodology to support stakeholder collaboration via immersive VR still remain insufficiently explored. This paper proposes a role-based access model for both internal stakeholders of Original Equipment Manufacturers and external decisional actors involved in the design of production systems to enter VR environments through dedicated rights and viewpoints. The differentiated stakeholder accesses are described through a UML model, highlighting the rules and semantics to enable stakeholders to conduct immersive experiences through VR with different functionalities. Design modifications made into VR environments are subsequently synchronized with CAD modeling software, ensuring continuity with traditional design workflows. The proposed approach is implemented in a laboratory setting, demonstrating its capability in supporting the traditional design of production systems through immersive collaborative design processes. A preliminary evaluation indicates that the proposed model offers intuitive and user-friendly usability. Future research should further investigate its usability and effectiveness through validation with industry practitioners.