Design Wire Engineer Leverage and Transfer (DWELT) Framework for Building-Level Digital Twins

The adoption of Digital Twins (DTw) related technologies in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations (AECO) sector has enhanced data-driven decision-making through bi-directional data flows and real-time analytics. However, the risk of creating new data silos and interoperability hurdles with other technologies and initiatives persist. To unlock the full potential of DTw, integration with broader digital initiatives – such as Digital Building Logbooks and Digital Product Passports – is essential. Addressing these challenges requires a System-of-Systems (SoS) approach and coordinated processes. This research explores the transition towards a SoS approach in the built environment sector. A qualitative methodology was employed, using co-creation workshop with industry professionals, software providers, and academic experts from diverse regions. The data gathered were analyzed using grounded theory, leading to the development of a scalable framework for DTw solutions. This study introduces the Define-Wire-Engineer-Leverage-Transfer (DWELT) framework, designed to support organizations in effectively implementing DTw through a SoS approach.