Robust Optimization with Autonomous Optical-Only Spacecraft-to-Spacecraft Navigation in Cislunar Space

Autonomous navigation for spacecraft missions in cislunar space would greatly reduce the workload of ground stations, which is going to significantly increase in the next years. This study evaluates the performance of a spacecraft-to-spacecraft optical-only navigation strategy and perform a robust trajectory optimization according to a recently introduced mission analysis approach. This merges classical nominal trajectory design with a complete navigation assessment within the same optimization process. The results show that this autonomous navigation strategy may become a valid alternative for limited-capability spacecraft relying on lowcost sensors in cislunar space. The flexibility of such method evokes great curiosity and interest, given the larger degrees of freedom available during the mission design phase.