Advanced modelling strategies for masonry domes: nonlinear FEM and limit analysis

This paper presents the results of non-linear finite element analyses carried out using Abaqus CAE software to investigate the collapse behaviour of masonry domes. To consider the material properties, domes are divided into discrete blocks and mortar joints. A concrete damage plasticity model is used to explain the mechanical behaviour of the mortar, with the assumption that failure mostly happens at block interfaces. The FEA take gravitational loads into account, and the collapse load is calculated by applying an increasing vertical displacement at the crown. Furthermore, the resultant deformed shape of the dome and the placement of plastic hinges are established. The FE results are compared with those yielded by specifically developed analytical methods based on the static and kinematic theorems of limit analysis. The applicability of the proposed approach is illustrated with reference to the dome of the Anime Sante church in L’Aquila, Italy. Additionally, some first insights on the dome’s collapse response to seismic loads are provided.