A coordinated charging/discharging strategy for EVs with flexible mobility in multi-temporary microgrids

The increasing occurrence of extreme weather events can lead to more major power blackouts, which attracts attention to the utilization of temporary microgrids (TMGs) in the restoration stage. However, single TMGs originating after a blackout usually have weak resilience, because of their limited available resources. Therefore, cooperation between microgrids needs urgently to be studied: to this end, this paper proposes a novel charging/discharging strategy for electric vehicles (EVs) to achieve optimal power coordination between TMGs, by taking advantage of EV's temporal-spatial flexible mobility. First, a new user response willingness model for EVs is established considering move distance and charging compensation, and this model is combined with the EV eligibility assessment based on traveling time to evaluate the EV mobile possibility across TMGs. Then, a suitable resilience factor is proposed to measure the resilience of TMGs considering both the current and future operation conditions. Finally, a novel coordinated EV charging/discharging strategy exploiting the EVs’ mobility is developed based on a mixed integer optimization model, to enhance system resilience and reduce total regulation costs. A case study based on the realistic topology of Milan's urban area is analyzed, comparing the results obtained with the strategy without EV spatial cooperation. As a result, the proposed strategy can enhance the resilience of TMGs by 20.93 % and reduce the total regulation cost which is paid to regulation resources for ensuring the power balance of each TMG by 8.43 %.