Optimizing Power Integration: Interleaved DC- DC Converters in a Fuel Cell-Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid System

In microgrids and electric vehicles, energy sources arranged in a distributed manner connected with various DC-DC converters play an important role in meeting several load demands. To ensure power stability, this paper introduces an interleaved approach for optimizing power output from multiple sources in a DC system, focusing on fuel cell, battery, and supercapacitor integration. Furthermore, an implementation of closed-loop PID control has been utilized to ensure rapid response to load and voltage fluctuations. A detailed topology analysis and performance evaluation are presented alongside a comparison with the conventional DC-DC converters. To vali-date the performance of these interleaved DC-DC boostlbuck-boost converters, extensive simulations have been carried out using MATLAB/Simulink (2020b) to demonstrate the proposed interleaved approach's advantages, including minimal input/out-put ripples and swift transient response.