Optimization of Construction Site Safety: An Ontological Approach through the Integration of Time and Costs

Ensuring worker safety while maintaining time and cost control is one of the greatest challenges in construction project management. The pressure of meeting deadlines and budgets can result in compromised safety standards, overcrowded sites, and insufficient supervision, increasing the risk of accidents. This research proposes an ontology-based approach to integrate time and cost data and support proactive decision making. Through SPARQL queries, it can be identified overlapping high-risk activities, overcrowded work areas, and inadequate resource allocation. Practical examples demonstrate how this approach reduces risks and enhances project performance, contributing to safer and more sustainable construction management practices.