Predictive Model for the Circulation of EVs on Highways: Application to an Italian Case Study

This paper presents a predictive model, that simulates the circulation of electric vehicles on highways and evaluates the impact on charging stations. The model takes into account key variables such as traffic volume, vehicle types, state of charge, and charging station availability. The case study focuses on a stretch of the A1 highway in Italy, where electric vehicles are expected to cover a route from Milan to Rome. A charging strategy is applied, where vehicles stop to recharge when state of charge falls below 20%, and charging continues until reaching 80%, optimizing battery longevity and travel efficiency. The results demonstrate that predictive modelling can significantly reduce congestion at charging stations and minimize overall travel time, offering valuable insights for highway operators and electric vehicle users. Additionally, the model proves to be flexible for simulating future scenarios with higher electric vehicle adoption rates.