Properties of sustainable concrete made with low-clinker cements

The use of cements with low content of Portland clinker is one of the objectives which the cement industry is pursuing for implementing a sustainable development, by testing blended and composite cements with several mineral additions. In view of possible future difficulties in the supply of raw materials, such as natural pozzolana, or industrial by-products, such as blast-furnace slag, partial replacement of Port-land clinker with a combination of mineral additions seems to be advantageous for a sustainable development. This paper presents results related to the properties of various low-clinker cement-based concretes in both fresh and hardened states. The results indicate that calcined-clay as partial replacement of blast-furnace slag can perform its filler effect and contribute to hydration process, by favoring the development of mechanical performance. Further experimental tests are in progress to quantify also long-term property of studied concretes.