Earthquakes are among the major threats of existing masonry buildings, as proved by the damage recorded after recent seismic events. Out-of-plane failure mechanisms were often observed, which were strictly related to the lack of an effective connection between the load resisting elements. For this reason, the retrofitting interventions aimed to achieve a box-like behaviour of the building are of great interest. This paper presents an experimental campaign focused on the strengthening technique using fasteners to retrofit wall intersections. Full scale tests on masonry C-wall brickwork of solid clay bricks strengthened with twisted stainless-steel bars and bonded fasteners were executed. The unreinforced specimen was built with weak bonding at the two orthogonal wall intersection and out-of-plane loaded until cracking and corresponding load drop. After that, the cracked wall intersections were strengthened using the different fasteners, with deep embedment and different angles, bridging the cracks. Additional bars were used to stitch bending cracks on the front wall. The wall was cyclically loaded out-of-plane. The test results showed a significant increase both in load capacity and ductility which can be achieved depending on the type of fasteners used.
Experimental behaviour of full-scale C-wall under out-of-plane loading
P. Crespi;S. Cattaneo;M. Scamardo
2024-01-01
Abstract
Earthquakes are among the major threats of existing masonry buildings, as proved by the damage recorded after recent seismic events. Out-of-plane failure mechanisms were often observed, which were strictly related to the lack of an effective connection between the load resisting elements. For this reason, the retrofitting interventions aimed to achieve a box-like behaviour of the building are of great interest. This paper presents an experimental campaign focused on the strengthening technique using fasteners to retrofit wall intersections. Full scale tests on masonry C-wall brickwork of solid clay bricks strengthened with twisted stainless-steel bars and bonded fasteners were executed. The unreinforced specimen was built with weak bonding at the two orthogonal wall intersection and out-of-plane loaded until cracking and corresponding load drop. After that, the cracked wall intersections were strengthened using the different fasteners, with deep embedment and different angles, bridging the cracks. Additional bars were used to stitch bending cracks on the front wall. The wall was cyclically loaded out-of-plane. The test results showed a significant increase both in load capacity and ductility which can be achieved depending on the type of fasteners used.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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