Exploring the Landscape of Virtual and Augmented Reality Laboratories in Top Universities Worldwide

This study investigates the current state of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) laboratories among the top 100 QS-ranked universities worldwide in the field of architecture and built environment. The results indicate that roughly half of the laboratories apply VR and AR techniques together, while the remaining focus is on VR or AR independently. The most widely used device is the Head Mounted Display (HMD), immersive projection environments, and driving simulators. Those simulation tools are often coupled with environmental and physiological sensors and motion capture systems. The results of this study provide valuable information on the current distribution and application of VR/AR facilities among the top universities and highlight the need for regular monitoring of these facilities to track their development and growth.