Electric Vehicles Integration in Automatic Generation Control of Modern Power System

The modern power system heavily depends on wind energy. Yet, intermittent wind energy poses challenges for system operators due to forecasting inaccuracies that require extra balancing power to keep the frequency stable. Conventional power plants offer these services but are expensive and environmentally harmful. The modern power system aims to maximize wind power integration, replacing traditional plants and their benefits. Thus, alternative control and balancing solutions must be explored, like tapping into regulation reserves from electric vehicles (EVs) without affecting their normal functions. This study suggests an optimized dispatch strategy for automatic generation control (AGC) that leverages the storage capability of EVs to balance the grid's active power. The strategy enables AGC to utilize EVs while considering their operational limitations effectively. Simulations using DIgSILENT software were conducted to assess the performance of the proposed strategy. The results demonstrate that integrating EVs with thermal power plants efficiently reduces real-time power imbalances due to massive wind energy penetration and improves power system security.