Application of Bus as a Service and Analysis of Electric Bus Consumption in Urban Areas

The world of transportation is undergoing a major transformation today. With the goal of lowering emissions, many metropolitan areas have already begun to transition their bus systems from diesel to electric. This paper will illustrate the importance of emission reduction policies in the public transportation sector, with a focus on E-buses. In more detail, innovative business strategies to accelerate the energy transition are described. In fact, the bus-As-A-service model, introduced for the first time in Italy, is explored. The planning and implementation of large E-bus lines and the necessary charging infrastructure requires an assessment of bus energy requirements. To this end, a simulation model of E-bus energy consumption is proposed by validating it with real data. The analysis was conducted on a real case of electrification of three bus lines present in northern Italy.