As occurred in all Italian cities, a large part of the building and urban reconstruction after the WW2 happened rapidly due to the urgent need to reactivate employment through building activity and to the actual need to make up for the housing shortage. In the historic Centre of Milan, extensively destroyed by bombs, the urban reconstruction was carried out with the Reconstruction Plans for Zones I and II (1949), oriented on the guidelines of the new master plan, at the moment being drawn up, then approved in 1953. This contribution aims to retrace the reflection on the results of the Milanese reconstruction that took place between the end of the 1950s and 1960s by architects, engineers and urban planners, faced with the verification of the failure of some choices of the Master Plan and the massive building reconstruction that took place independently from the planning design, pending the approval of the Master Plan in 1953. In particular, reference will be to the debate that brought to the revision of the Master Plan decided only three years after, and to the most striking case of the devastating effects caused by the construction of the first part of the 'Racchetta' (a wide east-west road, south of the Piazza del Duomo), especially regarding the discussions promoted by the Collegio Regionale Lombardo degli Architetti of Milan.
Come avvenne in tutte le città italiane, gran parte della ricostruzione edilizia e urbanistica dopo la seconda guerra mondiale avvenne in modo estremamente rapido e convulso, sia per l’impellente necessità di riattivare l’occupazione attraverso l’attività edilizia, sia per l’effettiva necessità di sopperire alla mancanza di abitazioni. Nel centro storico di Milano, estesamente distrutto dalle bombe, la ricostruzione fu avviata con piani di ricostruzione per le Zone I e II approvati nel 1949, orientati sulle linee di indirizzo del nuovo Piano regolatore, ancora in fase di progetto, e approvato nel 1953. Il presente contributo ripercorre la riflessione sugli esiti della ricostruzione milanese avvenuta tra la fine degli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta da parte di architetti ingegneri e urbanisti, di fronte alla verifica dell’insuccesso di alcune scelte del Piano regolatore inerenti il centro storico e alla massiccia ricostruzione edilizia avvenuta nelle more dell’approvazione del Piano. In particolare si farà riferimento al dibattito che portò alla revisione del Piano regolatore, decisione avvenuta a soli tre anni dalla sua approvazione, e al caso più emblematico costituito dagli effetti devastanti provocati dalla realizzazione della prima parte della ‘Racchetta’ (grande arteria di scorrimento est-ovest, a sud della piazza del Duomo), specie riguardo le discussioni promosse dal Collegio Regionale Lombardo degli Architetti di Milano.
La ricostruzione urbanistica ed edilizia a Milano nel secondo dopoguerra : esiti e riflessioni tra gli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta del Novecento. The urban and building reconstruction in Milan after the Second World War: outcomes and reflections between the 1950s and 1960s
S. Pesenti
2023-01-01
Abstract
As occurred in all Italian cities, a large part of the building and urban reconstruction after the WW2 happened rapidly due to the urgent need to reactivate employment through building activity and to the actual need to make up for the housing shortage. In the historic Centre of Milan, extensively destroyed by bombs, the urban reconstruction was carried out with the Reconstruction Plans for Zones I and II (1949), oriented on the guidelines of the new master plan, at the moment being drawn up, then approved in 1953. This contribution aims to retrace the reflection on the results of the Milanese reconstruction that took place between the end of the 1950s and 1960s by architects, engineers and urban planners, faced with the verification of the failure of some choices of the Master Plan and the massive building reconstruction that took place independently from the planning design, pending the approval of the Master Plan in 1953. In particular, reference will be to the debate that brought to the revision of the Master Plan decided only three years after, and to the most striking case of the devastating effects caused by the construction of the first part of the 'Racchetta' (a wide east-west road, south of the Piazza del Duomo), especially regarding the discussions promoted by the Collegio Regionale Lombardo degli Architetti of Milan.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.