Implementation and Validation Modelling of Energy Demand of Electric Buses for Local Public Transport

In recent years, a focused attention towards the conversion of conventional fleets in local public transport to fully electric fleets have gained momentum, instilled by awareness about the environment and significant trend of urbanization. Public transport operators in major cities all over the world have engaged themselves in fulfilling this change. An efficient electrification process is still a challenge for most operators. This paper aims to propose an energy demand model for an electric bus vehicle to monitor and verify the energy consumption. The real drive cycles of actual electric buses are used to simulate the energy demand characteristics and the battery state of charge of the vehicle. Real-time collected local data are used as input for the simulation model and discharge energy, regenerated energy and battery state of charge are computed. The simulated results are then validated with the real data available. The results are then used to consider an improvement for charging infrastructure.