Safety evaluations on unignited high-pressure methane jets impacting a spherical obstacle

Nowadays methane is a fossil fuel widely used both in industries and in civil appliances. From the safety point of view, due to its flammability, its use implies hazards for people and assets. The hazardous area related to a high-pressure jet of methane arising from an accidental loss of containment requires the estimation of the distance at which the methane concentration falls below the Lower Flammability limit. Such a topic is well covered in the literature when considering free jet conditions, i.e., jets that do not interact with any equipment or surface. The same cannot be said for high pressure jets impacting an obstacle. In this context, the present work focuses on studying high pressure methane jets impacting spherical obstacles by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics with the aim of giving some insights about such a jet-obstacle interaction, possibly providing a brief by-hand procedure that, only based on known scenario information, allows to estimate the maximum extent of the unignited high-pressure jet when interacting with a spherical obstacle.