The modeling and analysis of real-time applications focus on the worst-case scenario because of their strict timing requirements. However, many real-time embedded systems include critical applications requiring not only timing constraints but also other system limitations, such as energy consumption. In this paper, we study the energy-aware real-time scheduling of Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) tasks. We integrate the Dynamic Power Management (DPM) policy to reduce the Worst-Case Energy Consumption (WCEC), which is an essential requirement for energy-constrained systems. Besides, we extend our analysis with tasks' probabilistic information to improve the Average-Case Energy Consumption (ACEC), which is, instead, a common non-functional requirement of embedded systems. To verify the benefits of our approach in terms of reduced energy consumption, we finally conduct an extensive simulation, followed by an experimental study on an Odroid-H2 board. Compared to the state-of-the-art solution, our approach is able to reduce the power consumption up to 32.1%.

A Multi-Level DPM Approach for Real-Time DAG Tasks in Heterogeneous Processors

Federico Reghenzani;William Fornaciari;
2021-01-01

Abstract

The modeling and analysis of real-time applications focus on the worst-case scenario because of their strict timing requirements. However, many real-time embedded systems include critical applications requiring not only timing constraints but also other system limitations, such as energy consumption. In this paper, we study the energy-aware real-time scheduling of Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) tasks. We integrate the Dynamic Power Management (DPM) policy to reduce the Worst-Case Energy Consumption (WCEC), which is an essential requirement for energy-constrained systems. Besides, we extend our analysis with tasks' probabilistic information to improve the Average-Case Energy Consumption (ACEC), which is, instead, a common non-functional requirement of embedded systems. To verify the benefits of our approach in terms of reduced energy consumption, we finally conduct an extensive simulation, followed by an experimental study on an Odroid-H2 board. Compared to the state-of-the-art solution, our approach is able to reduce the power consumption up to 32.1%.
2021
Proceedings of the 42nd IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS 2021)
978-1-6654-2802-6
978-1-6654-2803-3
Parallel Real-Time Tasks, Energy Minimization, Dynamic Power Management, Probabilistic Execution Time.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1185592
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