A multi-scale finite element analysis and sectional design approach for the creep of polymeric frc

This paper presents the experimental, numerical and analytical results of a multi-scale investigation into the uniaxial tensile creep behavior of polymeric fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). In an extensive experimental program, the short-term and creep behavior of individual fibers, the fiber-matrix interface and the composite material are investigated. The short-term and creep properties are used to calibrate the material models of a finite element model with discrete fibers, which allows to determine the creep of polymeric FRC under tensile loading. A Monte-Carlo analysis is performed to assess the influence of the fiber dispersion and sustained load level on the time-dependent crack widening. Finally, the numerical results are used in a sectional approach that allows to translate the uniaxial tensile creep behavior into a flexural creep prediction. The proposed methodology can be readily implemented into design codes, to allow for the creep deformation of cracked FRC to be taken into account.