A BIM-based approach for DfMA in building construction: framework and first results on an Italian case study

This research presents a framework to integrate Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) approach in the Italian Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) context, based on Building Information Modelling (BIM). DfMA applications in UK and Singapore are presented and a structured process is proposed and adapted to the Italian market. Two adopted frameworks are presented: the RIBA Plan of Work 2013 (adapted for DfMA) and the Building and Construction Authority of Singapore BIM for DfMA. Both have been used to link DfMA downstream activities (procurement, fabrication, transport and installation) to upstream activities (brief, option appraisal and concept design), reaching comparisons and integrations of these processes with traditional design process adopted in Italy for public developments. A revised DfMA workflow for Italian AEC sector is developed. A case study (a kindergarten in Italy) is analysed in its DfMA peculiarities and used to test the proposed flow of information requirements and to identify shortfalls or improvements in the current processes. The proposed framework is integrated and compared with the existing design process acknowledged by the Italian Government for public buildings. The results confirmed the need for precisely structured procedures in delivering an off-site-oriented project. The framework presented guided the production, collection and organisation of data at each stage to integrate DfMA solutions into the project, while the proposed process confirmed its applicability. This research opens to scenarios of gradual implementation of DfMA-related processes, including different building sub-systems to enhance the framework and process content with additional lessons learnt.