Entanglement is a fundamental resource at the basis of quantum-enhanced performances in several applications, such as quantum algorithms and quantum metrology. In these contexts, Fourier interferometers implement a relevant class of unitary evolutions which can be embedded in a large variety of protocols. For instance, in the single-particle regime it can be adopted to implement the quantum Fourier transform, while in the multi-particle scenario it can be employed to generate quantum states possessing useful entanglement for quantum phase estimation purposes, or as a tool to verify genuine multi-photon interference. In this article, we study experimentally the dynamics of single-photon and two-photon input states during the evolution provided by a 8-mode Fourier transformation, implemented by exploiting a three-dimensional architecture enabled by the femtosecond laser micromachining technology. In such a way, we fabricated three devices to study the evolution after each step of the decomposition. We observe that the probability distributions obey a step-by-step majorization relationship, where the quantum state occupies a progressively larger portion of the Hilbert space. Such behaviour can be related to the majorization principle, which has been conjectured as a necessary condition for quantum speedup.
Observation of photonic states dynamics in 3-D integrated Fourier circuits
Crespi A.;Corrielli G.;Osellame R.;
2018-01-01
Abstract
Entanglement is a fundamental resource at the basis of quantum-enhanced performances in several applications, such as quantum algorithms and quantum metrology. In these contexts, Fourier interferometers implement a relevant class of unitary evolutions which can be embedded in a large variety of protocols. For instance, in the single-particle regime it can be adopted to implement the quantum Fourier transform, while in the multi-particle scenario it can be employed to generate quantum states possessing useful entanglement for quantum phase estimation purposes, or as a tool to verify genuine multi-photon interference. In this article, we study experimentally the dynamics of single-photon and two-photon input states during the evolution provided by a 8-mode Fourier transformation, implemented by exploiting a three-dimensional architecture enabled by the femtosecond laser micromachining technology. In such a way, we fabricated three devices to study the evolution after each step of the decomposition. We observe that the probability distributions obey a step-by-step majorization relationship, where the quantum state occupies a progressively larger portion of the Hilbert space. Such behaviour can be related to the majorization principle, which has been conjectured as a necessary condition for quantum speedup.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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