The application of a Multicriteria Spatial Decision Support System (MCSDSS) for the assessment of biodiversity conservation in the Province of Varese (Italy)

Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSSs) are rapidly gaining traction for planning and policy-making, thanks to their significant new capabilities in the use of spatial or geospatial information. The present paper illustrates the development of a basic MCSDSS (Multicriteria Spatial Decision Support System) that integrates spatial information techniques such as GIS (Geographic Information System) and Multicriteria Analysis (MCA). Many spatial problems are complex and require the use of integrated analysis and models. In the work a methodological framework for such integration is provided, highlighting the advantages and characteristics of GIS and MCA coupling and paying attention to the issues of transparency and applicability. The method is illustrated with reference to a case study in the Province of Varese (Italy). The purpose of the research is to generate a suitability map of the study region, concerning the characterization of biodiversity conservation, to be used as a decision variable in spatial planning. Different criteria are considered in the analysis and the results are obtained in the form of maps and analyzed through IDRISI Andes software. In particular, by using the resulting suitability map as a means of analysis, it is possible to identify, for the sake of biodiversity conservation, some critical areas needing mitigation measures. In addition, areas with high biodiversity conservation values can be highlighted and monitoring procedures can therefore be planned. The study concludes with some lessons learned during the development of the MCSDSS and highlights that the applied methodology is an effective tool in providing decision support for spatial planning