Since design is concerned with ever-increasing fields of application, particularly in recent years, this essay attempts to delineate its disciplinary borders and to test whether this new phenomenon has equally affected the disciplinary core. While borders of design are substantially identified with the artificial (Simon) and detailed according to the Theory of Four Orders (Buchanan), the core of design seems to shift from problem-solving to problem-setting and from objects to actions and behaviours. In this new condition the effectiveness of the decision-making process becomes crucial, particularly when wicked problems are involved. The number of actors enlarges as well as the perspectives from which they look at the problem. To be successful, designers should develop an empathic approach to the discussion, which encourages “dialogic conversations” (Sennett). This attitude, both collaborative and detached, helps designers maintain a critical view-point on issues under investigation, for critical thinking – more than technical competence – is the fundamental contribution the design discipline can give in the decision-making process. In this respect, Italian design has built a long tradition which strengthens its role in the current disciplinary debate.
I campi di applicazione del design, specie in anni recenti, si sono sensibilmente estesi. Il saggio, nel delineare i nuovi confini, si interroga anche sui mutamenti profondi della disciplina. Se l’ambito di intervento del design coincide sostanzialmente con l’artificiale (Simon) e può essere articolato secondo la Teoria dei quattro ordini (Buchanan), la sua missione sembra muovere dalla soluzione all’impostazione dei problemi e dalla caratterizzazione dei prodotti a quella delle azioni e dei comportamenti. In questo nuovo quadro, l’efficacia dei processi decisionali diviene decisiva, specie quando si tratta di problemi complessi (wicked proplems). Il numero degli attori coinvolti si allarga, così come la gamma dei punti di vista intorno ai problemi stessi. Per ottenere soluzioni valide, il designer necessita di un approccio empatico alla discussione, che favorisce forme di “conversazione dialogica” (Sennett). Questo atteggiamento, collaborativo e, al tempo stesso, distaccato, consente al designer di mantenere un punto di vista critico sulle questioni in gioco, considerando che il pensiero critico – più della competenza tecnica – costituisce il contributo fondamentale della disciplina del design al processo decisionale. Intorno a questo approccio, il design italiano ha costruito una solida tradizione, che rafforza il suo ruolo nell’attuale dibattito disciplinare.
The disciplinary core and borders of design in a changing world
Guerrini L.
2018-01-01
Abstract
Since design is concerned with ever-increasing fields of application, particularly in recent years, this essay attempts to delineate its disciplinary borders and to test whether this new phenomenon has equally affected the disciplinary core. While borders of design are substantially identified with the artificial (Simon) and detailed according to the Theory of Four Orders (Buchanan), the core of design seems to shift from problem-solving to problem-setting and from objects to actions and behaviours. In this new condition the effectiveness of the decision-making process becomes crucial, particularly when wicked problems are involved. The number of actors enlarges as well as the perspectives from which they look at the problem. To be successful, designers should develop an empathic approach to the discussion, which encourages “dialogic conversations” (Sennett). This attitude, both collaborative and detached, helps designers maintain a critical view-point on issues under investigation, for critical thinking – more than technical competence – is the fundamental contribution the design discipline can give in the decision-making process. In this respect, Italian design has built a long tradition which strengthens its role in the current disciplinary debate.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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