Packaging solutions for food waste prevention: a methodological framework for LCA modelling

The use of innovative or improved packaging solutions is increasingly recognized as an integral part of the solution to reduce food waste and its environmental impacts. However, an increase in the impacts of packaging, of the distribution chain and of the consumer stage may take place at the same time. The aim of this research is contributing to the definition of a LCA-based methodological framework to evaluate the environmental convenience of such packaging solutions, and identify potential trade-off situations. A number of methodological issues are addressed, by providing suggestions and possible supporting examples to facilitate proper choices. If available, alternative options are presented, and their implications discussed. The estimates of packaging-specific food waste generation rates was found to be challenging, and may currently prevent reliable results. Further research is thus recommended to fill this gap.