Storia della costruzione, storia materiale del costruito, tutela e conservazione del patrimonio architettonico

The growing attention to the Construction History has been parallel to a radical rethinking of the fundamentals of statics, a rethinking that has significantly contributed to a different approach in strenghtening and reinforcing buildings, even in the field of regulations. Over the past twenty years the Construction history has progressively invested all aspects of building, in their relations with the wider framework of production and social organization, and it’s constantly intertwined with the development of archeology, in particular postclassical archaelogy , and has substantially renovated the way of relating to the buildings, beyond the categories - often worn - typical of a certain architectural history. In German culture and teaching the hendiadys Bauforschung – Denkmalpflege is very grounded , and Bauforschung has revendicated a strong independence from Geschichte und Theorie der Architektur, helping to overcome a philological and purely formalistic approach. Even the "Bauforschung", which also highlights the natural links between archaeological skills and practices and heritage protection, however, shows its limits, which exceeded, in the most recent and interesting research, in so far as it learned to treasure the contributions of the history of sciences and those of the social history. In France a practice at all inattentive to the buildings materiality and its coarse reference to the ancient building techniques have found their harshest critics in a forerunner of Construction History, Jean Marie Pérouse de Montclos, and in the Chartistes and are now giving under attack by archaeologists. Even in England the focus on complex eighteenth and nineteenth centuries buildings has helped to consolidate the principles and improve the practice of heritage conservation and environmental protection. Also in the Italian culture, which in many ways had instead referred to buildings characters, this approach opens new relevant research perspectives.